$3.99 application in the iPad.

Two Indian students develop Apple's top paid app
Bonindia news bureau

Bangalore: Two Indian born Stanford graduate students have created a $3.99 application in the iPad. It is the top paid app in the entire iPad section of the App Store.The Pulse Reader app in the iPad was developed by Akshay Kothari (23) and Ankit Gupta (22) at the Institute of Design of Stanford University.

Kothari said the project was inspired by 'a personal frustration at the whole news reading experience' on mobile devices. The stylish and easy to use news aggregator service was developed in the Launch Pad class, where the budding entrepreneurs are given an opportunity to develop and introduce a product in just ten weeks.

Pulse is a clean and visual news aggregator and the reader takes up to 20 news sources that can be followed and a visual mosaic of the news can be created. The article can be tapped and a clean rendered view of the news story can be presented. The app allows users to see text-only versions of articles, which are basically cleaned-up versions of a news site's RSS feeds, or to see the full articles as they are presented on the Web. It also lets sharing articles through Twitter and Facebook by passing the individual sharing tools presented by each news site.

News organizations are yet to get accustomed to iPad strategies but are quite hopeful about the success of pulse. "You absolutely do not have to give away something great for free," said Michael Dearing, a former eBay executive who is a teacher of the Launch Pad class. "If you build something great, people will pay you for it," added Dearing.

Nearly 15,000 people have downloaded this app and it has generated more than $40,000 in revenue, taking into account Apple's 30 percent cut. Akshay and Ankit have created a company, Alphonso Labs, and are now working on versions of the app for other devices, as well as talking to potential investors.


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rivers flow west to east.

Telangana is a region of Andhra Pradesh state in India. The name means "land of Telugu people". It is comprised of the Telugu speaking parts of the erstwhile princely state of Hyderabad. The region lies on the Deccan plateau to the west of the Eastern Ghats range, and includes the northwestern interior districts of Warangal, Adilabad, Khammam, Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, Rangareddy, Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Medak, and the state capital, Hyderabad.

The Krishna and Godavari rivers flow through the region from west to east.

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HISTORY OF TELANGANA

HISTORY OF TELANGANA
The Telangana region is believed to have been mentioned in the Mahabharata as the Telinga Kingdom which said to be inhabited by the tribe known as Telavana and said to have fought on the Pandava side in the great war of Mahabharata. It is also evident from the fact that there is Pandavula Guhalu in Warangal district (where the Pandavas spent their life in exile (Lakkha Gruham).

And, in Treta yuga, it is believed that Rama, Sita and Lakshmana, spent their life in exile at Parnashala on the banks of Godavari river which is about 25 km from Bhadrachalam in Khammam District which falls in the Telangana region.

Telangana region has been heartland for many great dynasties like Sathavahanas, Kakatiyas. Kotilingala in Karimnagar was the first capital of the Sathavahanas before Dharanikota. Excavations at Kotilingala revealed coinage of Simukha, a Satavahana emperor.

The region experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiyas, a great Telugu dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323. Ganapatideva was known as the greatest of the Kakatiyas and the first after the Satavahanas to bring the entire Telugu area under one rule. He put an end to the rule of the Cholas in the year 1210 who accepted his suzerainty. He established order in his vast dominion that stretched from the Godavari delta and Anakapalle in the east to Raichur (in modern day Karnataka) in the west and from Karimnagar & Bastar (in modern day Chattisgarh) in the north to Srisailam & Tripurantakam, near Ongole in the south. It was also during his reign that the Golkonda fort was first constructed by the Kakatiyas.

Telangana, then came under Muslim rule in 14th century for the first time by Delhi Sultanate followed by Bahmanis, Qutb Shahis and Mughals. As the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate in the early 18th century, the Muslim Asafjahi dynasty established a separate state known as Hyderabad. Later Hyderabad entered into a treaty of subsidiary alliance with the British Empire, and was the largest and most populous princely state in India. Telangana was never under direct British rule, unlike Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, which were part of British India's Madras Presidency.

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KOHINOOR diamond

KOHINOOR diamond

The origin of the diamond is unclear, although rumors abound. According to some sources, the Koh-i-noor was originally found more than 5000 years ago, and is mentioned in ancient Sanskrit writings under the name Syamantaka.[original research?] According to some Hindu mythological accounts, Krishna obtained the diamond from Jambavantha, whose daughter Jambavati later married Krishna. The legend says that the diamond was from the Sun God to Satrajith (father of Satyabhama) which produces 1000 kg of gold daily. Krishna got the blame of stealing the diamond from Satrajith's brother who is killed by a lion which in turn was killed by Jambavantha. Satrajith had alleged that "Krishna probably killed my brother, who went to the forest wearing the jewel on his neck." Krishna, to restore his reputation, fought a fierce battle with Jambavan and gave the stone back to Satrajith. Now being ashamed with himself Satrajith offered his daughter's hand to Krishna along with the stone. Krishna accepted his daughter Satyabhama's hand but refused to take the Syamantaka.


Historical evidence suggests that the Kohinoor originated in the Guntur region of Kakatiya kingdom, in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, one of the world's earliest diamond producing regions. This region was the only known source for diamonds until 1730 when diamonds were discovered in Brazil. The term "Golconda" diamond has come to define diamonds of the finest white color, clarity and transparency. They are very rare and highly sought after.

The diamond was mined in the Kollur mines near the village Paritala in the present day Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh.The diamond became the property of Kakatiya kings. The Khilji dynasty at Delhi ended in 1320 A.D. and Ghiyas ud din Tughluq Shah I ascended the Delhi throne. Tughlaq sent his commander Ulugh Khan in 1323 to defeat the Kakatiya king Prataparudra. Ulugh Khan’s raid was repulsed but he returned in a month with a larger and determined army. The unprepared army of Kakatiya was defeated. The loot, plunder and destruction of Orugallu (present day Warangal), the capital of Kakatiya Kingdom, continued for months. Loads of gold, diamonds, pearls and ivory were carried away to Delhi on elephants, horses and camels. The Koh-i-noor diamond was part of the bounty. From then onwards, the stone passed through the hands of successive rulers of the Delhi sultanate, finally passing to Babur, the first Mughal emperor, in 1526.

The curse of the Koh-i-Noor

It is believed that the Koh-i-Noor carries with it a curse and only when in the possession of a woman will the curse not work. All the men who owned it have either lost their throne or had other misfortunes befall them. The British are wary of this curse and so far, only Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth have adorned the gem as sovereigns. Since Queen Victoria the diamond has always gone to the wife of the male heir to the throne.

The possibility of a curse pertaining to ownership of the diamond dates back to a Hindu text relating to the first authenticated appearance of the diamond in 1306: "He who owns this diamond will own the world, but will also know all its misfortunes. Only God, or a woman, can wear it with impunity."

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HISTORY OF SATAVAHANA FEMALE ATTENDENTS

HISTORY OF SATAVAHANA FEMALE ATTENDENTS

satavahana rulers were quoted in old works like the Aitareya Brahmana,the Epics ,

the Paraná’s, the early Buddhist and Jain works.Gunadhya’s Brhatkatha,

Hala’s Gathasaptasati and Vatsyayana’sKamasutras reflected the

social and cultural life of the Satavahana period.

The Kathasaritsagara mentions the story of a king named Dipakarni

who saw a boy riding a Sata or lion, adopted him and named him

Satavahana

‘Satavahana’ and ‘Satakarni’ are the two standard names by which the

rulers of that dynasty are referred to in their inscriptions and coins.

Various explanations have been given for these names: Satkarni means

” the son of a horse”, and explained in terms of the Aswamedha tradition.

Barnett explained Satkarni as meaning the son of Sata. Sometime it is taken

to mean as one who has a hundred ships, or one whose vehicle is drawn by

hundred bulls or the one with his ears bored. The Kathasaritsagara mentions

the story of a king named Dipakarni who saw a boy riding a Sata or lion,

adopted him and named him Satavahana or the one who had a lion for his vehicle.

It is also suggested that Satavahana is only a variant of ‘Saptavahana’,

meaning the sun, and that they were so called because they were the worshippers

of the sun. these theories, however, have been discarded by Dr. M. Rama Rao,

who has argued that the dynasty has been named after the founder of the dynasty,

who ruled before Simukha.

Przyluski thinks that Sata and vahana, the constituents of Satavahana, are both

Mundawords; the former is the Sanskrtisation of the Munda word sadam meaning

a horse and the latter ofhapan meaning a son. Satavahanas were “sons of horse”

as they believed themselves to be born of the chief queen with the sacrificial horse

in the Asvamedha sacrifice So many kings in the Puranic dynasties as well as in

historic ruling families werecelebrated performers of the Asvamedha sacrifice

Even Megashtanes,Pliny ,Ptolemy,wrote refers about

satavahana army ,forts,maritimeTrade,viharas,even Fahein of 5th c AD ,wrote

about the donations to famous viharas by satavahana queens
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SATAVAHANA COINS

SATAVAHANA COINS
Satavahana rulers were subdued during the period of Asoka but were independent

rulers from 8 th c BC,as given the privilege to be of vishvamitra lineage, In puranas

they were referred as satavahanas,satakarni,and Andhras, they have 30 forts ,

1000 elephants,100,000 infantry,2000cavalry.

The Deccan region was covered by large number of small tribal

kings which were often in war among themselves.

The Satavahana were the strongest among them after naga kings,

In this way the kingdom of satavahana came into existence in telanagana

region defeating the mahatalavaras.We get numismatic evidence to prove

this point enclosing the photo of rare Mahatalavarasa coin from my coin

collection along With some satavahana coins too from various coin collectors

collection which were worth noting in explaining the expertise used in minting

and various designs from various regional mints of one king and

Of other satavahana rulers Explained,

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MAHATALAVARASA TELUGU WORDS OF PRE STAVAHANA

MAHATALAVARASA TELUGU WORDS OF PRE STAVAHANA KINGS
The history of Satavahana dynasty start from Karimanagar,Adilabad region.

Before them the MahatalavarasRuled this region, we come across coins of

Mahatalavara and other pre –Satavahana rulers, But lack of

Script on coins make us puzzled about their history. But their

style of design on coins gives us their Independent style of coin minting than

north India, gives us clue about their existence before satavahana

dynasty. Recent discovery of fort at near water falls in Ichoda mandal

gives us proof about that.The cobbled

pathwayfortifications show us the importance of this fort ,at we may

assume it was the capital of satavahana dynasty The pottery with

several circles gives us it is of new type as similar seals are excavated in Egypt

also, which show us the satavahana maritime trade. Early period of satavahana

trade flourished with Egypt

sumeria,hittitites,which made south India the hub of trade,we exported spices

and got in exchange gold. Diamond mines were famous in whole world,

Queens were given important place in satavahana dynasty

Queen Naganika,wife of satakarni was perhaps the first queen found on

incriptions.,Even Nanaghat,Nasik incriptions give details of satavahana

rulers.Satavahana kings were first to issue the silver coins with portrait of king face.

They equally gave donations to Buddhist,Jain,Brahmains.

Conducted Ashwamedha yagnamto show their strength. They ruled whole of

telangana,Andhra,Karnataka,konkan,maharshatra,vidraba,gone

upto Gujarat,Vidisha in north and still further. South Indian history was

given little importance sofar, specially satavahana period for lack of

encouragement and was neglected. We were first to trade with outside world,

build ocean going ships and mint it on coins.

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